上一篇博文中說到Prometheus有四種指標類型：Counter（計數(shù)器）、Gauge（儀表盤）、Histogram（直方圖）、Summary（摘要），并且我們做了一個Counter的Demo，接下來看看Histogram。

3、Summary：摘要

summary是采集展示百分位數(shù)，百分位定義：在一組由小到大的數(shù)字中，某個數(shù)字大于90%的數(shù)字，這個數(shù)字就是第90個的百分位數(shù)。

通過demo的來理解一下吧，假如我們業(yè)務(wù)需求是要知道訂單金額10，30，50，70，90的百分位數(shù)，該怎么實現(xiàn)呢？

需要在MetricsHub.cs中添加Summary類型的指標收集集合：

using Prometheus; using System.Collections.Generic;namespace PrometheusSample.Middlewares {public class MetricsHub{private static Dictionary<string, Counter> _counterDictionary = new Dictionary<string, Counter>();private?static?Dictionary<string,?Dictionary<string,?Gauge>>?_gaugeDictionary?=?new?Dictionary<string,?Dictionary<string,?Gauge>>();private?static?Dictionary<string,?Summary>?_summaryDictionary?=?new?Dictionary<string,?Summary>();private?static?Dictionary<string,?Histogram>?_histogramDictionary?=?new?Dictionary<string,?Histogram>();public?Counter?GetCounter(string?key){if (_counterDictionary.ContainsKey(key)){return _counterDictionary[key];}else{return null;}}public Dictionary<string, Gauge> GetGauge(string key){if (_gaugeDictionary.ContainsKey(key)){return _gaugeDictionary[key];}else{return null;}}public Summary GetSummary(string key){if (_summaryDictionary.ContainsKey(key)){return _summaryDictionary[key];}else{return null;}}public Histogram GetHistogram(string key){if (_histogramDictionary.ContainsKey(key)){return _histogramDictionary[key];}else{return null;}}public void AddCounter(string key, Counter counter){_counterDictionary.Add(key, counter);}public void AddGauge(string key, Dictionary<string, Gauge> gauges){_gaugeDictionary.Add(key, gauges);}public void AddSummary(string key, Summary summary){_summaryDictionary.Add(key, summary);}public void AddHistogram(string key, Histogram histogram){_histogramDictionary.Add(key, histogram);}} }

接下來就要在BusinessMetricsMiddleware的中間件中添加處理Summary指標的代碼了：

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using PrometheusSample.Models; using System.IO; using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace PrometheusSample.Middlewares {/// <summary>/// 請求記錄中間件/// </summary>public class BusinessMetricsMiddleware{private readonly RequestDelegate _next;public BusinessMetricsMiddleware(RequestDelegate next){_next = next;}public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, MetricsHub metricsHub){var originalBody = context.Response.Body;try{using (var memStream = new MemoryStream()){//從管理返回的Response中取出返回數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)返回值進行監(jiān)控指標計數(shù)context.Response.Body = memStream;await _next(context);memStream.Position = 0;string responseBody = new StreamReader(memStream).ReadToEnd();memStream.Position = 0;await memStream.CopyToAsync(originalBody);if (metricsHub.GetCounter(context.Request.Path) != null || metricsHub.GetGauge(context.Request.Path) != null){//這里約定所有action返回值是一個APIResult類型var result = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Deserialize<APIResult>(responseBody, new System.Text.Json.JsonSerializerOptions { PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true });if (result != null && result.Result){//獲取到Countervar counter = metricsHub.GetCounter(context.Request.Path);if (counter != null){//計數(shù)counter.Inc();}var gauges = metricsHub.GetGauge(context.Request.Path);if (gauges != null){//存在增加指標+就Incif (gauges.ContainsKey("+")){gauges["+"].Inc();} //存在減少指標-就Decif (gauges.ContainsKey("-")){gauges["-"].Dec();}}var histogram = metricsHub.GetHistogram(context.Request.Path);if (histogram != null){var parseResult = int.TryParse(result.Data.ToString(), out int i);if (parseResult){histogram.Observe(i);}}var summary = metricsHub.GetSummary(context.Request.Path);if (summary != null){var parseResult = int.TryParse(result.Data.ToString(), out int i);if (parseResult){summary.Observe(i);}} }}}}finally{context.Response.Body = originalBody;}}} }

再就是在Starsup中配置對應(yīng)url的Summary參數(shù)了：

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting; using Microsoft.OpenApi.Models; using Prometheus; using PrometheusSample.Middlewares; using?PrometheusSample.Services; using System.Collections.Generic;namespace PrometheusSample {public class Startup{public Startup(IConfiguration configuration){Configuration = configuration;}public?IConfiguration?Configuration?{?get;?}public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){MetricsHandle(services);services.AddScoped<IOrderService, OrderService>();services.AddControllers();services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>{c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "PrometheusSample", Version = "v1" });});}public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env){if (env.IsDevelopment()){app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();app.UseSwagger();app.UseSwaggerUI(c => c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "PrometheusSample v1"));}app.UseRouting();//http請求的中間件app.UseHttpMetrics();app.UseAuthorization();//自定義業(yè)務(wù)跟蹤app.UseBusinessMetrics();app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>{//映射監(jiān)控地址為 /metricsendpoints.MapMetrics();endpoints.MapControllers();});}/// <summary>/// 處理監(jiān)控事項/// </summary>/// <param name="services"></param>void MetricsHandle(IServiceCollection services){var metricsHub = new MetricsHub();//countermetricsHub.AddCounter("/register", Metrics.CreateCounter("business_register_user", "注冊用戶數(shù)。"));metricsHub.AddCounter("/order", Metrics.CreateCounter("business_order_total", "下單總數(shù)。"));metricsHub.AddCounter("/pay", Metrics.CreateCounter("business_pay_total", "支付總數(shù)。"));metricsHub.AddCounter("/ship", Metrics.CreateCounter("business_ship_total", "發(fā)貨總數(shù)。"));//gaugevar orderGauge = Metrics.CreateGauge("business_order_count", "當(dāng)前下單數(shù)量。");var payGauge = Metrics.CreateGauge("business_pay_count", "當(dāng)前支付數(shù)量。");var shipGauge = Metrics.CreateGauge("business_ship_count", "當(dāng)前發(fā)貨數(shù)據(jù)。");metricsHub.AddGauge("/order", new Dictionary<string, Gauge> {{ "+", orderGauge}});metricsHub.AddGauge("/pay", new Dictionary<string, Gauge> {{"-",orderGauge},{"+",payGauge}});metricsHub.AddGauge("/ship", new Dictionary<string, Gauge> {{"+",shipGauge},{"-",payGauge}});//histogram var orderHistogram = Metrics.CreateHistogram("business_order_histogram", "訂單直方圖。",new HistogramConfiguration{Buckets = Histogram.LinearBuckets(start: 1000, width: 1000, count: 6)}) ; metricsHub.AddHistogram("/order", orderHistogram);//summary var orderSummary = Metrics.CreateSummary("business_order_summary", "10分鐘內(nèi)的訂單數(shù)量",new SummaryConfiguration{Objectives = new[]{new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.1, 0.05), new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.3, 0.05), new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.5, 0.05),new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.7, 0.05), new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.9, 0.05),}});metricsHub.AddSummary("/order",?orderSummary);services.AddSingleton(metricsHub);}} }

其實 new QuantileEpsilonPair(0.1, 0.05) 第一個參數(shù)是百分位，0.05是誤差，范圍是10%-5%，10%+5%。

最后一步，就是打開Grafana來配置展示圖表了。

最終展示結(jié)果：

同時事例中給出了最大、最少、平均、匯總、當(dāng)前值以供參考。

總結(jié)

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