限流，可以網絡的基礎設施進行配置實現，也可以在網關的地方進行限流，但服務本身的限流也不可或缺，因為當多副本時，一個副本故障，流量對于其他副本來說會提高，如果超過其承受請求量的范圍，會引起服務連續崩塌，所以單服務本身最好也是要實現限流的。
在asp.net core項目中，可以引入AspNetCoreRateLimit進行限流處理。
可以通過如下方式引入NuGet包
Install-Package AspNetCoreRateLimit
Client限流
using AspNetCoreRateLimit;var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
//?注入內存緩存服務
builder.Services.AddMemoryCache();
//加載ClientRateLimiting配置文件
builder.Services.Configure<ClientRateLimitOptions>(builder.Configuration.GetSection("ClientRateLimiting"));
//加載ClientRateLimitPolicies配置文件
builder.Services.Configure<ClientRateLimitPolicies>(builder.Configuration.GetSection("ClientRateLimitPolicies"));// 注入限流內存緩存服務
builder.Services.AddInMemoryRateLimiting();
//?注入限流配置文件服務
builder.Services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitConfiguration, RateLimitConfiguration>();var app = builder.Build();//啟用ClientRateLimitPolicies
var clientPolicyStore = app.Services.GetRequiredService<IClientPolicyStore>();
await clientPolicyStore.SeedAsync();
//使用Client限流中間件
app.UseClientRateLimiting();app.MapGet("/test00", () =>
{return "get test00 ok";
});app.MapGet("/test01", () =>
{return "get test01 ok";
});
app.MapGet("/test02", () =>
{return "get test02 ok";
});
app.MapPost("/test02", () =>
{return "post test02 ok";
});app.Run();
appsetings.json
{"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*","ClientRateLimiting": {"EnableEndpointRateLimiting": false,"StackBlockedRequests": false,"ClientIdHeader": "X-ClientId","HttpStatusCode": 429,"EndpointWhitelist": [ "get:/test00", "*:/test01" ],"ClientWhitelist": [ "dev-id-1", "dev-id-2" ],"GeneralRules": [{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "5s","Limit": 2},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "10s","Limit": 3}??????]},"ClientRateLimitPolicies": {"ClientRules": [{"ClientId": "client-id-1","Rules": [{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "5s","Limit": 1},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 200}]},{"ClientId": "client-id-2","Rules": [{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "1s","Limit": 5},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 150},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "12h","Limit": 500}]}]}
}
配置說明：
EnableEndpointRateLimiting為false全部請求總次數超過閾值，即限流，EnableEndpointRateLimiting為true時，各個請求單次超過閾值即限流
StackBlockedRequests為false時，如果前5s請求了2個成功，1個失敗，那第6s后還可以請求一個成功，如果這StackBlockedRequests為true時，那第6s的請求是不能成功的，也就是帶不帶拒絕的請求
{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "5s","Limit": 2},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "10s","Limit": 3},
ClientIdHeader指定可以通過Header鍵為X-ClientId處理限流黑白名單
ClientWhitelist值為dev-id-1，dev-id-2，指Header里X-ClientId只要是其中的值 ，就放行
EndpointWhitelist不參與限流的終節點
HttpStatusCode限流后返回的狀態碼
GeneralRules通用限流規則
ClientRateLimitPolicies?配置是專門為了對不同的X-ClientId進行不同的限流配置，這樣可以有區別的來分配流程，而不是一概而論，可以說是ClientId的灰名單，有限流的訪問
不但可以通過ClientID限流，還可以是客戶請示Ip來限流，配置雷同。
IP限流
using AspNetCoreRateLimit;var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// 注入內存緩存服務
builder.Services.AddMemoryCache();//加載IPRateLimiting配置文件
builder.Services.Configure<IpRateLimitOptions>(builder.Configuration.GetSection("IpRateLimiting"));//加載IPRateLimitPolicies配置文件
builder.Services.Configure<IpRateLimitPolicies>(builder.Configuration.GetSection("IpRateLimitPolicies"));// 注入限流內存緩存服務
builder.Services.AddInMemoryRateLimiting();
// 注入限流配置文件服務
builder.Services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitConfiguration, RateLimitConfiguration>();var app = builder.Build();
//啟用IPRateLimitPolicies
var ipPolicyStore = app.Services.GetRequiredService<IIpPolicyStore>();
await ipPolicyStore.SeedAsync();
//使用Ip限流中間件
app.UseIpRateLimiting();app.MapGet("/test00", () =>
{return "get test00 ok";
});app.MapGet("/test01", () =>
{return "get test01 ok";
});app.MapGet("/test02", () =>
{return "get test02 ok";
});
app.MapPost("/test02", () =>
{return "post test02 ok";
});
app.MapGet("/test03", () =>
{return "get test01 ok";
});
app.Run();
appsettings.json
{"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*","IpRateLimiting": {"EnableEndpointRateLimiting": false,"StackBlockedRequests": false,"RealIpHeader": "X-Real-IP","IpWhitelist": [ "127.0.0.1"],"ClientIdHeader": "X-ClientId","HttpStatusCode": 429,"EndpointWhitelist": [ "get:/test00", "*:/test01" ],"ClientWhitelist": [ "dev-id-1", "dev-id-2" ],"GeneralRules": [{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "5s","Limit": 2},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "10s","Limit": 3} ]},"IpRateLimitPolicies": {"IpRules": [{"Ip": "127.0.0.2","Rules": [{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "4s","Limit": 1},{"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 200}]} ]}
}
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