synology nfs

“Create a backup of my NAS?” you might say. “isn’t the NAS the backup though?” Not so fast—not all backups are equal, and a backup isn’t?truly a backup until there’s a cold storage copy of it somewhere. Let’s take a look at how to back up your Synology NAS for the ultimate data redundancy.

“創(chuàng)建NAS的備份嗎？” 你可能會說。 “ NAS不是備份嗎？” 并不是那么快-并非所有備份都是平等的，并且直到某處有冷存儲副本時，備份才真正成為備份。 我們來看看如何備份Synology NAS以獲得最終的數(shù)據(jù)冗余。

Although the Synology NAS platform—including the Disk Station Manager operating system that runs on it and the propriety automated Synology Hybrid Raid (SHR)—is a rock solid and easy way to back up data from your computers, it suffers, by the very nature of things, from some of the same issues that plague any always-on backup system.

盡管Synology NAS平臺(包括在其上運行的Disk Station Manager操作系統(tǒng)和專有的自動Synology Hybrid Raid(SHR))是從計算機備份數(shù)據(jù)的堅如磐石且簡便的方法，但從本質(zhì)上講，它卻遭受了很大的麻煩的原因是困擾著任何永遠在線的備份系統(tǒng)的一些相同問題。

Namely, because it’s always on and plugged into your home power, any awful fate that befalls your home also befalls it (like a house fire or lightning strike). Further, if you want to obey one of the cardinal rules of proper backup practice, no bit of data is ever truly backed up unless there is an offline cold-storage copy of it somewhere. Plus,?if you’re planning on doing any serious overhauling of your Synology NAS (like a total swap of all the disks, migrating to a new NAS unit, or so on) even though the built-in tools for doing so provided by Synology are very user friendly, you should always back up your data to play it safe.

也就是說，由于它始終打開并插入您的家庭電源，因此，落在您房屋上的任何可怕的命運也會落在房屋上(例如房屋火災或雷擊)。 此外，如果您要遵守正確備份實踐的基本原則之一，則除非真正在某處有離線的冷存儲副本，否則不會真正備份任何數(shù)據(jù)。 另外，即使您打算對Synology NAS進行任何大修(例如，所有磁盤的總交換，遷移到新的NAS單元等)，即使Synology提供了內(nèi)置工具也可以這樣做。對用戶非常友好，您應該始終備份數(shù)據(jù)以確保安全。

準備備份 (Preparing for Your Backup)

To proceed, you’ll need the following things:

要繼續(xù)，您需要滿足以下條件：

• A Synology NAS with a data port and its Disk Station Manager software up to date.
  帶有數(shù)據(jù)端口的Synology NAS及其最新的Disk Station Manager軟件。
• An external hard drive or hard drive array with sufficient storage space for the data you wish to back up.
  外部硬盤驅動器或具有足夠存儲空間的硬盤驅動器陣列，用于存儲您要備份的數(shù)據(jù)。
• The Hyper Backup application package installed on your Synology NAS (installed by default; download again via the package manager if necessary).
  Synology NAS上已安裝的Hyper Backup應用程序軟件包(默認情況下已安裝；如有必要，請通過軟件包管理器再次下載)。

To get started first locate the data ports on your Synology NAS. The particular unit we’re using for demonstration purposes, the DS916+, has one USB 3.0 port on the front of the unit as well as 2 USB 3.0 ports and a single eSATA port located on the back of the unit, seen below.

首先，請先找到Synology NAS上的數(shù)據(jù)端口。 我們用于演示目的的特定設備DS916 +，在設備正面具有一個USB 3.0端口，在設備背面具有2個USB 3.0端口和一個eSATA端口，如下所示。

Plug your external enclosure into the appropriate port and, if applicable, make sure to turn the power on to the external enclosure. With the drive plugged in and powered up, you’re ready to follow along with the backup and restoration sections of the tutorial.

將您的外部機箱插入相應的端口，如果適用，請確保打開外部機箱的電源。 插入驅動器并打開電源后，您就可以按照本教程的備份和還原部分進行操作了。

使用Hyper Backup備份數(shù)據(jù) (Backing Up Your Data with Hyper Backup)

After that, simply open up the web-based interface for your Synology NAS and sign into the administrator account. Click on the menu button in the upper left-hand corner.

之后，只需打開Synology NAS的基于Web的界面并登錄到管理員帳戶即可。 單擊左上角的菜單按鈕。

Within the application menu, select “Hyper Backup”.

在應用程序菜單中，選擇“超級備份”。

The first step in Hyper Backup is to select your backup destination. Select “Local Shared Folder & External Storage”. Click “Next”.

Hyper Backup的第一步是選擇備份目標。 選擇“本地共享文件夾和外部存儲”。 點擊下一步”。

Select “Create Backup Task” and then, from the “Shared Folder” dropdown menu, select “usbshare1” to select your external drive. The default directory name is simply “[yournasname]_1”, but you can change it to whatever you want. Once you’ve selected the folder and directory name, click “Next”.

選擇“創(chuàng)建備份任務”，然后從“共享文件夾”下拉菜單中選擇“ usbshare1”以選擇外部驅動器。 默認目錄名稱只是“ [yournasname] _1”，但您可以將其更改為所需的名稱。 選擇文件夾和目錄名稱后，單擊“下一步”。

On the next screen, select all the folders whose data you wish to back up to your external drive. You do not need to select all the data on your NAS and can, if you wish, exclude any folders and/or volumes. Once you’ve selected the volume and/or folders you wish to back up, click “Next”.

在下一個屏幕上，選擇要備份其數(shù)據(jù)到外部驅動器的所有文件夾。 您不需要選擇NAS上的所有數(shù)據(jù)，并且可以根據(jù)需要排除任何文件夾和/或卷。 選擇要備份的卷和/或文件夾后，單擊“下一步”。

If you wish to back up any applications, now is the time to select them. Note: the list is not a complete list of all applications on your Synology NAS, merely those that have a component Hyper Backup can backup. Click “Next” to continue.

如果要備份任何應用程序，現(xiàn)在是時候選擇它們了。 注意：該列表不是Synology NAS上所有應用程序的完整列表，只有具有Hyper Backup組件的應用程序可以備份。 點擊“下一步”繼續(xù)。

Next, you’ll be presented with quite a few potential options for your backup, including whether or not you want to compress the data, encrypt it, schedule a backup routine, and so on. Because our goal is not to leave the disk tethered to the NAS (we want a cold backup we can run, create, and then take offline) we’ll be unchecking “Enable?Backup Schedule” and “Enable Integrity Check Schedule” as they are unnecessary for our purpose. Further, we’ll check “Remove destination external device when task has successfully finished”, so that the drive automatically unmounts when the task is done. Click “Next” to continue.

接下來，將為您提供許多潛在的備份選項，包括是否要壓縮數(shù)據(jù)，加密數(shù)據(jù)，安排備份例程等等。 因為我們的目標不是將磁盤束縛在NAS上(我們希望冷備份可以運行，創(chuàng)建然后脫機)，所以我們將取消選中“啟用備份計劃”和“啟用完整性檢查計劃”對于我們的目的而言是不必要的。 此外，我們將選中“任務成功完成后刪除目標外部設備”，以便在任務完成后自動卸載驅動器。 點擊“下一步”繼續(xù)。

NOTE: if you want to manually connect an external drive on a set routine (say, every Sunday night before you go to bed), then you can schedule things accordingly. We find that its much easier to simply run the routine (which will be saved when we’re done) manually when we need it.

注意：如果要按照設定的例程手動連接外部驅動器(例如，上床前的每個星期日晚上)，則可以相應地安排事情。 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在需要時手動手動運行例程(完成后將被保存)會容易得多。

Finally, you can opt to enable “backup rotation”. This is great feature if the backup system in question will be running with a high degree of frequency but of negligible benefit for one-off backups. The backup rotation feature is essentially Synology’s take on incremental file versioning and, when active, will?create versions of the files as they change over time (if there is available space on the backup media). This kind of versioning is handy if you find yourself, a year from now, in need of a much earlier version of some project files. Enabling backup rotation is completely optional, and given our focus on making a clean one-off backup, we skipped enabling it. Click “Apply” when ready and, when prompted, click “Yes” on the “Back up now?” pop-up dialogue box.

最后，您可以選擇啟用“備份循環(huán)”。 如果所討論的備份系統(tǒng)將以較高的頻率運行，但一次性備份的收益微不足道，則這是一個很大的功能。 備份輪換功能本質(zhì)上是Synology進行增量文件版本控制的功能，并且在激活后，將隨著時間的變化(如果備份媒體上有可用空間)創(chuàng)建文件的版本。 如果您一年后才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己需要某些項目文件的早期版本，則這種版本控制非常方便。 啟用備份輪換是完全可選的，并且由于我們專注于進行干凈的一次性備份，因此我們跳過了啟用備份的過程。 準備就緒后，單擊“應用”，然后在出現(xiàn)提示時，在“立即備份？”上單擊“是”。 彈出對話框。

Once you’ve confirmed you wish to start the backup, you’ll see the Hyper Backup monitoring screen, as seen below:

確認要開始備份后，您將看到“超級備份”監(jiān)視屏幕，如下所示：

Once the process is complete (which, depending on the total size of the files you’re backing up, could take anywhere from minutes to days) you’ll see the success screen and your disk will be safely ejected.

該過程完成后(取決于所備份文件的總大小，可能需要幾分鐘到幾天的時間)，您將看到成功屏幕，并且磁盤將被安全彈出。

At this point you’ve successfully backed up your data and can now store the offline hard drive in a safe location.

至此，您已經(jīng)成功備份了數(shù)據(jù)，現(xiàn)在可以將脫機硬盤驅動器存儲在安全的位置。

使用Hyper Backup還原數(shù)據(jù) (Restoring Your Data with Hyper Backup)

It’s simple to restore your data using Hyper Backup, whether you wish to restore a single file, single directory, or the entire backup. To do so, plug the external hard drive back into your Synology NAS to remount it and then open up Hyper Backup again.

無論您要還原單個文件，單個目錄還是整個備份，使用Hyper Backup還原數(shù)據(jù)都很簡單。 為此，請將外部硬盤驅動器重新插入Synology NAS以重新安裝，然后再次打開Hyper Backup。

In the main screen of the application you’ll see three things of note. First, in the upper left corner, you’ll see a list of your backup routines. In the case of this tutorial, there is only one, called “Local Storage 1”. But if you have multiple routines, you’ll want to select the one you created for your cold storage backup.

在應用程序的主屏幕中，您將看到三件事。 首先，在左上角，您將看到一個備份例程列表。 在本教程中，只有一個稱為“本地存儲1”。 但是，如果您有多個例程，則需要選擇為冷存儲備份創(chuàng)建的例程。

In addition, you’ll also see the “Restore” button in the lower left corner, shaped like a clock with an arrow spinning around it and the “Backup Explorer” button, a small magnifying glass with a clock in the center, located next to the “Back up now” button.

此外，您還會在左下角看到“還原”按鈕，其形狀類似于帶有箭頭旋轉的時鐘，以及位于旁邊的“備份資源管理器”按鈕，即一個帶有時鐘的小放大鏡。轉到“立即備份”按鈕。

Which button you use depends on your goal. If you wish to restore a single file, then click on the “Backup Explorer” button. This will open a file explorer for the backup file you’ve selected. You can then browse through the directory structure of the backup to select either a directory of file you wish to restore, doing so by either clicking the “Restore” button while the entry is selected or right clicking on it and select “Restore” from the context menu.

您使用哪個按鈕取決于您的目標。 如果要還原單個文件，請單擊“備份資源管理器”按鈕。 這將為您選擇的備份文件打開文件瀏覽器。 然后，您可以瀏覽備份的目錄結構以選擇要還原的文件的目錄，方法是在選擇條目時單擊“還原”按鈕，或者右鍵單擊該條目，然后從菜單中選擇“還原”。上下文菜單。

The other restoration option involves clicking the “Restore” button from the main screen we highlighted above. Click on it and select “Data” (for the curious, “LUN” is an advanced enterprise level backup method that required specialized hardware outside the scope of both this tutorial and the capacity of most home users’ setups).

另一個還原選項涉及從我們上面突出顯示的主屏幕中單擊“還原”按鈕。 單擊它，然后選擇“數(shù)據(jù)”(出于好奇，“ LUN”是一種高級企業(yè)級備份方法，需要本教程和大多數(shù)家庭用戶設置能力范圍之外的專用硬件)。

You’ll be prompted to select a backup task to restore (a simple affair for us, because there’s only one backup task in this set). Click “Next”. (Note: if you are restoring data from a data backup set for which you no longer have the backup task in Hyper Backup, you can click on “Restore from existing repositories” to manually select the backup archive.)

系統(tǒng)將提示您選擇要還原的備份任務(對我們來說這很簡單，因為在此任務集中只有一個備份任務)。 點擊下一步”。 (注意：如果要從不再在Hyper Backup中擁有備份任務的數(shù)據(jù)備份集中還原數(shù)據(jù)，則可以單擊“從現(xiàn)有存儲庫還原”以手動選擇備份存檔。)

The system configuration was automatically backed up as part of the backup task, and is stored with the backup file created by Hyper Backup. Restoring it is option. If you are simply dealing with data and not restoring your entire Synology NAS, we recommend leaving it set to “Do not restore system configuration”. If you want more information about what the system configuration backup contains, and what it will potentially replace/overwrite, then definitely check out our guide to backing up your configuration file here.

系統(tǒng)配置作為備份任務的一部分自動備份，并與Hyper Backup創(chuàng)建的備份文件一起存儲。 恢復它是選項。 如果您只是在處理數(shù)據(jù)而不是還原整個Synology NAS，我們建議將其設置為“不還原系統(tǒng)配置”。 如果您想了解有關系統(tǒng)配置備份包含的內(nèi)容以及可能替換/覆蓋的內(nèi)容的更多信息，請務必在此處查看我們的備份配置文件的指南。

In the next screen, you’ll be prompted to select some or all of the folders contained in the backup. Unlike the file-by-file restoration in the previous Backup Explorer method, you do not have granular file-level selection options here, and can only opt to restore and not restore entire directories or sub-directories. Click “Next” when you’re ready.

在下一個屏幕中，系統(tǒng)將提示您選擇備份中包含的部分或全部文件夾。 與以前的Backup Explorer方法中的逐個文件還原不同，您在此處沒有細粒度的文件級選擇選項，只能選擇還原而不還原整個目錄或子目錄。 準備好后，單擊“下一步”。

Finally, you’ll see a summary of what will be restored (the configuration file, if applicable, the version, and the folders). Click “Apply” to complete the process if the displayed information is satisfactory.

最后，您將看到要還原內(nèi)容的摘要(配置文件(如果適用)，版本和文件夾)。 如果顯示的信息令人滿意，請單擊“應用”以完成該過程。

After clicking apply, the backup application will churn through the files and restore them, confirming the directories copied when complete. Once the process is over, you can manually eject your external drive by clicking on the eject icon located in the menu bar of Disk Station Manager:

單擊“應用”后，備份應用程序將瀏覽文件并還原它們，并在完成后確認復制的目錄。 該過程結束后，您可以通過單擊Disk Station Manager菜單欄中的彈出圖標來手動彈出外部驅動器：

With your disk(s) stored safely away after restoring your backup, you’re done. Your information is on your NAS, on the backup disks, and, thanks to the offline status of the backup disks, you’ve got a true blue cold-storage backup of your data.

還原備份后，將磁盤安全地存儲起來，就可以了。 您的信息位于NAS，備份磁盤上，并且由于備份磁盤處于脫機狀態(tài)，因此您的數(shù)據(jù)有了真正的藍色冷存儲備份。

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/323810/how-to-create-a-local-backup-of-your-synology-nas/

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