CentOS系統更換yum源

問題

當初瞎鼓搗服務器，更換yum源為aliyun的，奈何阿里的源最近全部打不開，導致yum安裝不了，一直報錯：

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - “The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found” Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 7 - “couldn’t connect to host” Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 6 - “Couldn’t resolve host ‘mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com’” Trying other mirror. Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: base. Please verify its path and try again

在網上查了些資料，總算弄懂應該怎么處理了，但是找不到一個對應的源，所以還原默認了；

1. 查詢服務器的系統版本

[root@nys yum.repos.d]# rpm -qi centos-release Name : centos-release Relocations: (not relocatable) Version : 6 Vendor: CentOS Release : 10.el6.centos.12.3 Build Date: Tue 26 Jun 2018 10:52:41 PM CST Install Date: Mon 23 Jul 2018 11:48:26 AM CST Build Host: x86-01.bsys.centos.org Group : System Environment/Base Source RPM: centos-release-6-10.el6.centos.12.3.src.rpm Size : 38232 License: GPLv2 Signature : RSA/SHA1, Tue 26 Jun 2018 11:35:30 PM CST, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org> Summary : CentOS release file Description : CentOS release files

如上:Version,Release兩項，當前服務器操作系統的版本就是：6.10

2. 更換yum源

• 進入yum配置文件目錄

cd /etc/yum.repos.d[root@nys yum.repos.d]# ll total 60 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 17 2017 backup -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1901 Jan 5 15:35 CentOS-Base.repo #此文件為yum使用的源配置 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1991 Jun 26 2018 CentOS-Base.repo.rpmnew -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 647 Jun 26 2018 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 289 Jun 26 2018 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 630 Jun 26 2018 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8854 Jun 26 2018 CentOS-Vault.repo -r--r--r-- 1 root root 664 May 11 2018 epel.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 957 Nov 5 2012 epel.repo.rpmnew -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1056 Nov 5 2012 epel-testing.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 206 Aug 20 17:58 influxdb.repo

• 確保yum源可訪問，此處用的163源

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/

• 可以查看網易的源說明：

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/

• 下載對應版本的163源：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

• 替換源文件到Base：

sudo cp CentOS6-Base-163.repo CentOS-Base.repo

• 更換Base文件中的路徑為指定版本號：

# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # #[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com #此處路徑需要替換為真實可訪問地址 baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additional packages that may be useful --More--(51%)

* 需要將$releasever替換為當前系統版本號：6.10，對應可訪問的163源路徑

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/

• 使用vim替換：

:%s/$releasever/6.10/g

• 僅展示部分替換后的文件內容：

# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # #[base] name=CentOS-6.10 - Base - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-6.10 - Updates - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.10/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.10&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6--More--(51%)

3. 更新yum

#重置緩存 yum makecache

其它可參考執行的命令

#檢查可以更新的軟件包 yum check-update #更新所有的軟件包 yum update #更新特定的軟件包 yum update kernel #大規模的升級 yum upgrade#清楚緩存中rpm包文件 yum clean packages #清楚緩存中rpm的頭文件 yum clean headers #清除緩存中舊的頭文件 yum clean old headers #清除緩存中舊的rpm頭文件和包文件 yum clean all

如果不成功，還原為默認源配置文件

• CentOS-Base.repo 源文件內容，需要將版本6改為7，因為6版本repomd.xml文件已經沒有了，只能從7版本開始

http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/

[root@nys yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Base.repo # CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # #[base] name=CentOS-7 - Base mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-7 - Updates mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-7 - Extras mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-7 - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-7 - Contrib mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

• 更新epel.repo文件內容，將6改為7:

[root@nys yum.repos.d]# more epel.repo [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7[epel-debuginfo] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0[epel-source] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0

• 清楚緩存并重置

yum clean allyum makecacheyum -y update

總結

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