一、DS1302時鐘模塊

現在流行的串行時鐘電路很多，如DS1302、 DS1307、PCF8485等。這些電路的接口簡單、價格低廉、使用方便，被廣泛地采用。

DS1302 是美國DALLAS公司推出的一種高性能、低功耗、帶RAM的實時時鐘電路，它可以對年、月、日、周、時、分、秒進行計時，具有閏年補償功能，工作電壓為2.0V～5.5V。采用三線接口與CPU進行同步通信，并可采用突發方式一次傳送多個字節的時鐘信號或RAM數據。DS1302內部有一個31×8的用于臨時性存放數據的RAM寄存器。DS1302是DS1202的升級產品，與DS1202兼容，但增加了主電源/后備電源雙電源引腳，同時提供了對后備電源進行涓細電流充電的能力，該芯片采用普通32.768kHz晶振，DS1302 工作時功耗很低保持數據和時鐘信息時功率小于1mW。

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 圖1 DS1302時鐘模塊實物圖

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?圖2 DS1302時鐘模塊封裝

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 表1 ?DS1302芯片引腳功能介紹表

VCC1	后備電源
GND	電源地
VCC2	工作電源
X1	晶振32.768kHz輸入
X2
SCLK	時鐘信號
I/O	數據輸入輸出
RST	復位信號|片選信號

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?? DS1302時鐘模塊的引腳功能介紹如表1所示，而時序不再做陳述，需要再自行查找資料。

二、DS1302時鐘模塊驅動代碼

1.頭文件

#ifndef _DS1302_H_#define _DS1302_H_#include "STC15F2K60S2.h"#ifndef UINT8#define UINT8 unsigned char#endif#ifndef DS1302_READ_BURST#define DS1302_READ_BURST 0xBF#endif#ifndef DS1302_WRITE_BURST#define DS1302_WRITE_BURST 0xBE#endifsbit DS1302_IO?? = P1^4;sbit DS1302_RST? = P1^5;sbit DS1302_SCLK = P1^3;extern UINT8 xdata time[9];extern UINT8 xdata date[11];extern UINT8 xdata current_day[2];//聲明全局變量void DS1302_WriteByte(UINT8 data_byte);//向ds1302寫一個字節void DS1302_ReadByte(UINT8 *data_byte);//從ds1302讀一個字節void DS1302_Start();//操作起始信號void DS1302_Over();//操作結束信號void DS1302_ClearWriteProtection();//清除寫保護void DS1302_SetWriteProtection();//設置寫保護void DS1302_SetTime(UINT8 *ds1302_set_buffer);//設置ds1302的時間void DS1302_ReadTime(UINT8 *ds1302_build_buffer);//讀取ds1302的時間void Time_Build();//系統從ds1302讀取時間void Time_Set();//系統向ds1302設置時間void Time_Init();//系統時間初始化#endif

2.主程序

#include "ds1302.h"void DS1302_WriteByte(UINT8 data_byte)//向ds1302寫一個字節{UINT8 i;for (i=0;i<8;i++){DS1302_IO = data_byte & 0x01;DS1302_SCLK = 1;data_byte >>= 1;DS1302_SCLK = 0;}}void DS1302_ReadByte(UINT8 *data_byte) //從ds1302讀一個字節{UINT8 i;for (i=0;i<8;i++){??????*data_byte >>= 1;if (DS1302_IO){*data_byte |= 0x80;}DS1302_SCLK = 1;DS1302_SCLK = 0;}}void DS1302_Start()//操作起始信號{DS1302_RST? = 0;DS1302_SCLK = 0;DS1302_RST? = 1;}void DS1302_Over()//操作結束信號{DS1302_IO? = 0;DS1302_RST = 0;}void DS1302_ClearWriteProtection()//清除寫保護{DS1302_Start();DS1302_WriteByte(0x8E);DS1302_WriteByte(0x00);DS1302_Over();}void DS1302_SetWriteProtection()//設置寫保護{DS1302_Start();DS1302_WriteByte(0x8E);DS1302_WriteByte(0x80);DS1302_Over();}void DS1302_SetTime(UINT8 *ds1302_set_buffer)//突發模式下設置時間{UINT8 i;DS1302_ClearWriteProtection();DS1302_Start();DS1302_WriteByte(DS1302_WRITE_BURST);for (i=0; i<7; i++){DS1302_WriteByte(ds1302_set_buffer[i]);}DS1302_WriteByte(0x80);//突發模式一次要寫8個字節，第八個字節是寫保護字節DS1302_Over();}void DS1302_ReadTime(UINT8 *ds1302_read_buffer)//突發模式下讀取時間{UINT8 i,Temp;DS1302_ClearWriteProtection();DS1302_Start();DS1302_WriteByte(DS1302_READ_BURST);for (i=0; i<7; i++){DS1302_ReadByte(ds1302_read_buffer+i);}DS1302_ReadByte(&Temp);//突發模式一次讀8個字節，最后一字節讀出來沒用DS1302_Over();DS1302_SetWriteProtection();}void Time_Build()//讀取時間后轉換成需要的格式{UINT8 xdata ds1302_build_buffer[7];DS1302_ReadTime(ds1302_build_buffer);time[7] = (ds1302_build_buffer[0]&0x0f)+'0';time[6] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[0]&0x70)>>4)+'0';time[4] = (ds1302_build_buffer[1]&0x0f)+'0';time[3] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[1]&0x70)>>4)+'0';time[1] = (ds1302_build_buffer[2]&0x0f)+'0';time[0] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[2]&0x30)>>4)+'0';date[9] = (ds1302_build_buffer[3]&0x0f)+'0';date[8] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[3]&0x30)>>4)+'0';date[6] = (ds1302_build_buffer[4]&0x0f)+'0';date[5] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[4]&0x10)>>4)+'0';date[3] = (ds1302_build_buffer[6]&0x0f)+'0';date[2] = ((ds1302_build_buffer[6]&0xf0)>>4)+'0';}void Time_Set()//將時間轉化為對應格式存入ds1302{UINT8 xdata ds1302_set_buffer[7];ds1302_set_buffer[0]? = time[7]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[0] |= ((time[6]-'0')&0x07)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[1]? = time[4]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[1] |= ((time[3]-'0')&0x07)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[2]? = time[1]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[2] |= ((time[0]-'0')&0x03)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[3]? = date[9]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[3] |= ((date[8]-'0')&0x03)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[4]? = date[6]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[4] |= ((date[5]-'0')&0x01)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[6]? = date[3]-'0';ds1302_set_buffer[6] |= ((date[2]-'0')&0x0f)<<4;ds1302_set_buffer[5] = 0x01;DS1302_SetTime(ds1302_set_buffer);}void Time_Init()//開機時間初始化{Time_Build();current_day[0] = date[8];current_day[1] = date[9];//保存當前日期，用于檢測日期變化}

三、DS1302時鐘模塊與USRAT HMI通信

uchar a=0,b=0,c=0,d=0,e=0,f=0;/**********顯示時間**********/ a = date[2]; //發送年數據b = date[3];c = date[5]; //發送月數據d = date[6];e = date[8]; //發送日數據f = date[9];write_txt("t0.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(a);write_COM(b);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符 write_txt("t1.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(c);write_COM(d);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符 write_txt("t2.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(e);write_COM(f);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符 a = time[0]; //發送時數據b = time[1];c = time[3]; //發送分鐘數據d = time[4];e = time[6]; //發送秒鐘數據f = time[7];write_txt("t3.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(a);write_COM(b);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符 write_txt("t4.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(c);write_COM(d);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符write_txt("t5.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34); //雙引號write_COM(e);write_COM(f);write_COM(34);write_END(); //結束符write_txt("t9.txt="); //發送文本write_COM(34);if(week==1) //發送星期數據write_txt("一");if(week==2)write_txt("二");if(week==3)write_txt("三");if(week==4)write_txt("四");if(week==5)write_txt("五");if(week==6)write_txt("六");if(week==7)write_txt("日"); write_COM(34);write_END();

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