在Python2中，我會做這樣的事情。。。在#! /usr/bin/env python

'''

Count vowels in a list of words & show a grand total

Words come from a plain text file with one word per line

'''

import sys

vowels = 'aeiouy'

def make_count_dict():

''' Create a dict for counting vowels with all values initialised to 0 '''

return dict(zip(vowels, (0,)*len(vowels)))

def get_counts(d):

return ' '.join('%2d' % d[k] for k in vowels)

def count_vowels(wordlist):

hline = '_'*45

print '%3s: %-20s: %s' % ('Num', 'Word', ' '.join('%2s' % v for v in vowels))

print hline

total_counts = make_count_dict()

for num, word in enumerate(wordlist, start=1):

word_counts = make_count_dict()

for ch in word.lower():

if ch in vowels:

word_counts[ch] += 1

total_counts[ch] += 1

print '%3d: %-20s: %s' % (num, word, get_counts(word_counts))

print hline

print '%-25s: %s' % ('Total', get_counts(total_counts))

def main():

fname = len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1]

if fname:

try:

with open(fname, 'r') as f:

wordlist = f.read().splitlines()

except IOError:

print "Can't find file '%s'; aborting." % fname

exit(1)

else:

wordlist = ['Mississippi', 'California', 'Wisconsin']

count_vowels(wordlist)

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

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