opencv 星空_opencv各种小例子
圖像腐蝕
#include //OpenCV highgui 模塊頭文件 ~
#include //OpenCV 圖像處理頭文件
using namespace cv; // 包含 cv 命名空間
int main() //控制臺應用程序的入 口 函數，我們的程序從這里開始
{
Mat srclmage = imread("G:\\QQ圖片20190428194331.jpg");
imshow("[ 原圖 ] ",srclmage);
//進行腐蝕操作
Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(15, 15));//getStructuringElement函數的返回值為指定形狀和尺寸的結構元素(內核矩陣〉
Mat dstlmage;
erode(srclmage, dstlmage, element);
//顯示效果圖
imshow ("[ 效果圖 ] ", dstlmage);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
圖像模糊
#include //OpenCV highgui 模塊頭文件 ~
#include //OpenCV 圖像處理頭文件
using namespace cv; // 包含 cv 命名空間
int main() //控制臺應用程序的入 口 函數，我們的程序從這里開始
{
Mat srclmage = imread("G:\\QQ圖片20190428194331.jpg");
imshow("[ 原圖 ] ",srclmage);
//進行均值濾波操作
Mat dstlmage;
blur(srclmage, dstlmage, Size(7, 7));
imshow ("[ 效果圖 ] ", dstlmage);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
canny邊緣檢測
#include
#include //OpenCV 圖像處理頭文件
using namespace cv; // 包含 cv 命名空間
int main() //控制臺應用程序的入 口 函數，我們的程序從這里開始
{
Mat srcImage = imread("G:\\QQ圖片20190428194331.jpg");
imshow("[ 原圖 ] ",srcImage);
Mat dstImage, edge, grayImage;
//創建與src同類型和大小的矩陣(dst)
dstImage.create(srcImage.size(), srcImage.type());
//將原圖像轉換為灰度圖像,Opencv2
cvtColor(srcImage, grayImage, CV_BGR2GRAY);
/*Opencv3
cvtColor(srcImage,grayImage,COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
*/
//先使用3x3內核來降噪
blur(grayImage, edge, Size(3, 3));
//運行Canny算子
Canny(edge, edge, 3, 9, 3);
//顯示
imshow ("[ 效果圖 ] ", edge);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
讀取視頻
#include
using namespace cv;
int main()
{
//讀入視頻
VideoCapture capture("G:\\視覺資料\\【OpenCV3版】《OpenCV3編程入門》書本配套源代碼\\【1】書本正篇程序源代碼\\【1】第一章\\【6】播放視頻\\6_播放視頻\\1.avi ");
//循環顯示每一幀
while(1)
{
Mat frame;//定義一個Mat變量，用于儲存每一幀的圖像
capture >> frame;//讀取當前幀
imshow("讀取視頻",frame);//顯示當前幀
waitKey(30);//延時30ms
}
return 0;
}
canny從攝像頭得到的視頻
#include
using namespace cv;
int main()
{
VideoCapture capture(0);
Mat edges;
//循環顯示每一幀
while(1)
{
Mat frame;//定義一個Mat變量，用于儲存每一幀的圖像
capture >> frame;//讀取當前幀
cvtColor(frame, edges, CV_BGR2GRAY);
blur(edges, edges, Size(7, 7));
Canny(edges, edges, 0, 30, 3);
imshow("canny后的視頻",edges);//顯示當前幀
if(waitKey(30)>=0)break;//延時30ms
}
return 0;
}
2.1.1 彩色目標跟蹤:Camshift
注意：本代碼僅供學習交流所用，所有權歸《OpenCV3編程入門》OpenCV3版書，請勿商用
#include "opencv2/video/tracking.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include
#include
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
//-----------------------------------【全局變量聲明】-----------------------------------------
//描述：聲明全局變量
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mat image;
bool backprojMode = false;
bool selectObject = false;
int trackObject = 0;
bool showHist = true;
Point origin;
Rect selection;
int vmin = 10, vmax = 256, smin = 30;
//--------------------------------【onMouse( )回調函數】------------------------------------
//描述：鼠標操作回調
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void onMouse(int event, int x, int y, int, void*)
{
if (selectObject)
{
selection.x = MIN(x, origin.x);
selection.y = MIN(y, origin.y);
selection.width = std::abs(x - origin.x);
selection.height = std::abs(y - origin.y);
selection &= Rect(0, 0, image.cols, image.rows);
}
switch (event)
{
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//case CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
case EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
origin = Point(x, y);
selection = Rect(x, y, 0, 0);
selectObject = true;
break;
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//case CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
case EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
selectObject = false;
if (selection.width > 0 && selection.height > 0)
trackObject = -1;
break;
}
}
//--------------------------------【help( )函數】----------------------------------------------
//描述：輸出幫助信息
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void ShowHelpText()
{
cout << "\n\n\t\t\t非常感謝購買《OpenCV3編程入門》一書！\n"
<< "\n\n\t\t\t此為本書OpenCV3版的第8個配套示例程序\n"
<< "\n\n\t\t\t 當前使用的OpenCV版本為：" << CV_VERSION
<< "\n\n ----------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << "\n\n\t此Demo顯示了基于均值漂移的追蹤(tracking)技術\n"
"\t請用鼠標框選一個有顏色的物體，對它進行追蹤操作\n";
cout << "\n\n\t操作說明： \n"
"\t\t用鼠標框選對象來初始化跟蹤\n"
"\t\tESC - 退出程序\n"
"\t\tc - 停止追蹤\n"
"\t\tb - 開/關-投影視圖\n"
"\t\th - 顯示/隱藏-對象直方圖\n"
"\t\tp - 暫停視頻\n";
}
const char* keys =
{
"{1| | 0 | camera number}"
};
//-----------------------------------【main( )函數】--------------------------------------------
//描述：控制臺應用程序的入口函數，我們的程序從這里開始
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
ShowHelpText();
VideoCapture cap;
Rect trackWindow;
int hsize = 16;
float hranges[] = { 0,180 };
const float* phranges = hranges;
cap.open(0);
if (!cap.isOpened())
{
cout << "不能初始化攝像頭\n";
}
namedWindow("Histogram", 0);
namedWindow("CamShift Demo", 0);
setMouseCallback("CamShift Demo", onMouse, 0);
createTrackbar("Vmin", "CamShift Demo", &vmin, 256, 0);
createTrackbar("Vmax", "CamShift Demo", &vmax, 256, 0);
createTrackbar("Smin", "CamShift Demo", &smin, 256, 0);
Mat frame, hsv, hue, mask, hist, histimg = Mat::zeros(200, 320, CV_8UC3), backproj;
bool paused = false;
for (;;)
{
if (!paused)
{
cap >> frame;
if (frame.empty())
break;
}
frame.copyTo(image);
if (!paused)
{
cvtColor(image, hsv, COLOR_BGR2HSV);
if (trackObject)
{
int _vmin = vmin, _vmax = vmax;
inRange(hsv, Scalar(0, smin, MIN(_vmin, _vmax)),
Scalar(180, 256, MAX(_vmin, _vmax)), mask);
int ch[] = { 0, 0 };
hue.create(hsv.size(), hsv.depth());
mixChannels(&hsv, 1, &hue, 1, ch, 1);
if (trackObject < 0)
{
Mat roi(hue, selection), maskroi(mask, selection);
calcHist(&roi, 1, 0, maskroi, hist, 1, &hsize, &phranges);
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
normalize(hist, hist, 0, 255, NORM_MINMAX);
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//normalize(hist, hist, 0, 255, CV_MINMAX);
trackWindow = selection;
trackObject = 1;
histimg = Scalar::all(0);
int binW = histimg.cols / hsize;
Mat buf(1, hsize, CV_8UC3);
for (int i = 0; i < hsize; i++)
buf.at(i) = Vec3b(saturate_cast(i*180. / hsize), 255, 255);
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
cvtColor(buf, buf, COLOR_HSV2BGR);
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//cvtColor(buf, buf, CV_HSV2BGR);
for (int i = 0; i < hsize; i++)
{
int val = saturate_cast(hist.at(i)*histimg.rows / 255);
rectangle(histimg, Point(i*binW, histimg.rows),
Point((i + 1)*binW, histimg.rows - val),
Scalar(buf.at(i)), -1, 8);
}
}
calcBackProject(&hue, 1, 0, hist, backproj, &phranges);
backproj &= mask;
RotatedRect trackBox = CamShift(backproj, trackWindow,
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
TermCriteria(TermCriteria::EPS | TermCriteria::COUNT, 10, 1));
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//TermCriteria( CV_TERMCRIT_EPS | CV_TERMCRIT_ITER, 10, 1 ));
if (trackWindow.area() <= 1)
{
int cols = backproj.cols, rows = backproj.rows, r = (MIN(cols, rows) + 5) / 6;
trackWindow = Rect(trackWindow.x - r, trackWindow.y - r,
trackWindow.x + r, trackWindow.y + r) &
Rect(0, 0, cols, rows);
}
if (backprojMode)
cvtColor(backproj, image, COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
ellipse(image, trackBox, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 3, LINE_AA);
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//ellipse( image, trackBox, Scalar(0,0,255), 3, CV_AA );
}
}
else if (trackObject < 0)
paused = false;
if (selectObject && selection.width > 0 && selection.height > 0)
{
Mat roi(image, selection);
bitwise_not(roi, roi);
}
imshow("CamShift Demo", image);
imshow("Histogram", histimg);
char c = (char)waitKey(10);
if (c == 27)
break;
switch (c)
{
case 'b':
backprojMode = !backprojMode;
break;
case 'c':
trackObject = 0;
histimg = Scalar::all(0);
break;
case 'h':
showHist = !showHist;
if (!showHist)
destroyWindow("Histogram");
else
namedWindow("Histogram", 1);
break;
case 'p':
paused = !paused;
break;
default:
;
}
}
return 0;
}
9_用光流法進行運動目標檢測
//---------------------------------【頭文件、命名空間包含部分】----------------------------
//描述：包含程序所使用的頭文件和命名空間
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
//-----------------------------------【全局函數聲明】-----------------------------------------
//描述：聲明全局函數
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void tracking(Mat &frame, Mat &output);
bool addNewPoints();
bool acceptTrackedPoint(int i);
//-----------------------------------【全局變量聲明】-----------------------------------------
//描述：聲明全局變量
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
string window_name = "optical flow tracking";
Mat gray;// 當前圖片
Mat gray_prev;// 預測圖片
vector points[2];// point0為特征點的原來位置，point1為特征點的新位置
vector initial;// 初始化跟蹤點的位置
vector features;// 檢測的特征
int maxCount = 500;// 檢測的最大特征數
double qLevel = 0.01;// 特征檢測的等級
double minDist = 10.0;// 兩特征點之間的最小距離
vector status;// 跟蹤特征的狀態，特征的流發現為1，否則為0
vector err;
//--------------------------------【help( )函數】----------------------------------------------
//描述：輸出幫助信息
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void help()
{
//輸出歡迎信息和OpenCV版本
cout <
<
<
<
}
//-----------------------------------【main( )函數】--------------------------------------------
//描述：控制臺應用程序的入口函數，我們的程序從這里開始
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main()
{
Mat frame;
Mat result;
VideoCapture capture("1.avi");
help();
if(capture.isOpened())// 攝像頭讀取文件開關
{
while(true)
{
capture >> frame;
if(!frame.empty())
{
tracking(frame, result);
}
else
{
printf(" --(!) No captured frame -- Break!");
break;
}
int c = waitKey(50);
if( (char)c == 27 )
{
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// function: tracking
// brief: 跟蹤
// parameter: frame輸入的視頻幀
// output 有跟蹤結果的視頻幀
// return: void
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void tracking(Mat &frame, Mat &output)
{
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
cvtColor(frame, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//cvtColor(frame, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
frame.copyTo(output);
// 添加特征點
if (addNewPoints())
{
goodFeaturesToTrack(gray, features, maxCount, qLevel, minDist);
points[0].insert(points[0].end(), features.begin(), features.end());
initial.insert(initial.end(), features.begin(), features.end());
}
if (gray_prev.empty())
{
gray.copyTo(gray_prev);
}
// l-k光流法運動估計
calcOpticalFlowPyrLK(gray_prev, gray, points[0], points[1], status, err);
// 去掉一些不好的特征點
int k = 0;
for (size_t i=0; i
{
if (acceptTrackedPoint(i))
{
initial[k] = initial[i];
points[1][k++] = points[1][i];
}
}
points[1].resize(k);
initial.resize(k);
// 顯示特征點和運動軌跡
for (size_t i=0; i
{
line(output, initial[i], points[1][i], Scalar(0, 0, 255));
circle(output, points[1][i], 3, Scalar(0, 255, 0), -1);
}
// 把當前跟蹤結果作為下一此參考
swap(points[1], points[0]);
swap(gray_prev, gray);
imshow(window_name, output);
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// function: addNewPoints
// brief: 檢測新點是否應該被添加
// parameter:
// return: 是否被添加標志
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool addNewPoints()
{
return points[0].size() <= 10;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// function: acceptTrackedPoint
// brief: 決定哪些跟蹤點被接受
// parameter:
// return:
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool acceptTrackedPoint(int i)
{
return status[i] && ((abs(points[0][i].x - points[1][i].x) + abs(points[0][i].y - points[1][i].y)) > 2);
}
點追蹤
#include "opencv2/video/tracking.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include
#include
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
//--------------------------------【help( )函數】----------------------------------------------
//描述：輸出幫助信息
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void help()
{
//輸出歡迎信息和OpenCV版本
cout << "\n\n\t\t\t非常感謝購買《OpenCV3編程入門》一書！\n"
<< "\n\n\t\t\t此為本書OpenCV3版的第10個配套示例程序\n"
<< "\n\n\t\t\t 當前使用的OpenCV版本為：" << CV_VERSION
<< "\n\n ----------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << "\n\n\t該Demo演示了 Lukas-Kanade基于光流的lkdemo\n";
cout << "\n\t程序默認從攝像頭讀入視頻，可以按需改為從視頻文件讀入圖像\n";
cout << "\n\t操作說明: \n"
"\t\t通過點擊在圖像中添加/刪除特征點\n"
"\t\tESC - 退出程序\n"
"\t\tr -自動進行追蹤\n"
"\t\tc - 刪除所有點\n"
"\t\tn - 開/光-夜晚模式\n" << endl;
}
Point2f point;
bool addRemovePt = false;
//--------------------------------【onMouse( )回調函數】------------------------------------
//描述：鼠標操作回調
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void onMouse(int event, int x, int y, int /*flags*/, void* /*param*/)
{
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//if( event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN )
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
{
point = Point2f((float)x, (float)y);
addRemovePt = true;
}
}
//-----------------------------------【main( )函數】--------------------------------------------
//描述：控制臺應用程序的入口函數，我們的程序從這里開始
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
help();
VideoCapture cap;
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//TermCriteria termcrit(CV_TERMCRIT_ITER|CV_TERMCRIT_EPS, 20, 0.03);
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
TermCriteria termcrit(TermCriteria::MAX_ITER | TermCriteria::EPS, 20, 0.03);
Size subPixWinSize(10, 10), winSize(31, 31);
const int MAX_COUNT = 500;
bool needToInit = false;
bool nightMode = false;
cap.open(0);
if (!cap.isOpened())
{
cout << "Could not initialize capturing...\n";
return 0;
}
namedWindow("LK Demo", 1);
setMouseCallback("LK Demo", onMouse, 0);
Mat gray, prevGray, image;
vector points[2];
for (;;)
{
Mat frame;
cap >> frame;
if (frame.empty())
break;
frame.copyTo(image);
cvtColor(image, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
if (nightMode)
image = Scalar::all(0);
if (needToInit)
{
// 自動初始化
goodFeaturesToTrack(gray, points[1], MAX_COUNT, 0.01, (double)10, Mat(), 3,(bool) 0, 0.04);
cornerSubPix(gray, points[1], subPixWinSize, Size(-1, -1), termcrit);
addRemovePt = false;
}
else if (!points[0].empty())
{
vector status;
vector err;
if (prevGray.empty())
gray.copyTo(prevGray);
calcOpticalFlowPyrLK(prevGray, gray, points[0], points[1], status, err, winSize,
3, termcrit, 0, 0.001);
size_t i, k;
for (i = k = 0; i < points[1].size(); i++)
{
if (addRemovePt)
{
if (norm(point - points[1][i]) <= 5)
{
addRemovePt = false;
continue;
}
}
if (!status[i])
continue;
points[1][k++] = points[1][i];
circle(image, points[1][i], 3, Scalar(0, 255, 0), -1, 8);
}
points[1].resize(k);
}
if (addRemovePt && points[1].size() < (size_t)MAX_COUNT)
{
vector tmp;
tmp.push_back(point);
//此句代碼的OpenCV2版為：
//cornerSubPix( gray, tmp, winSize, cvSize(-1,-1), termcrit);
//此句代碼的OpenCV3版為：
cornerSubPix(gray, tmp, winSize, Size(-1, -1), termcrit);
points[1].push_back(tmp[0]);
addRemovePt = false;
}
needToInit = false;
imshow("LK Demo", image);
char c = (char)waitKey(10);
if (c == 27)
break;
switch (c)
{
case 'r':
needToInit = true;
break;
case 'c':
points[0].clear();
points[1].clear();
break;
case 'n':
nightMode = !nightMode;
break;
}
std::swap(points[1], points[0]);
cv::swap(prevGray, gray);
}
return 0;
}
總結
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