?Working with paramiko

SSHClient is the main class provided by the paramkio module. It provides the basic interface you are going to want to use to instantiate server connections. The above code creates a new SSHClient object, and then calls ”connect()” to connect us to the local SSH server.

Here’s a simple example:

1	import paramiko

2	ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

3???????????????ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username='vinod', password='screct')	?
?	?
?	?
這樣將會(huì)報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤： >>> ssh.connect('127.0.0.1',username='root',password='000000') Traceback (most recent call last): ??File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? ??File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 311, in connect ????self._policy.missing_host_key(self, server_hostkey_name, server_key) ??File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 85, in missing_host_key ????raise SSHException('Unknown server %s' % hostname) paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server 127.0.0.1 ? 解決方法： ? Known_host="/root/.ssh/known_hosts"<=前提，這里應(yīng)該存在與127.0.0.1有關(guān)的信息。 ssh.load_system_host_keys( known_host) ? ? ? ?	?

Another way is to use an SSH key:

1	import paramiko

2

import os

3	privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/id_rsa')

4	mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile)

5	ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username = 'vinod', pkey = mykey)

注意:（這里的key，用的是RSA的key，我們?cè)谟?/span>ssh-keygen -t rsa來指定它，才可以在這里用，否則將會(huì)報(bào)無法識(shí)別的RSA KEY。而且如果你的RSA Key有密碼的話，你還需要

mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='12345678')

不過，我們可以用publickey來登錄的。

解法如下:

serverHost = "127.0.0.1"

serverPort = 22

userName = "root"

keyFile = "~/.ssh/badboy"

known_host = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"

channel = paramiko.SSHClient();

channel.load_system_host_keys( known_host )

channel.connect( serverHost, serverPort,username = userName, key_filename = keyFile )

）

Running Simple Commands

Lets run some simple commands on a remote machine.

1	import paramiko
2	ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

3	ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())?<=這樣的話，就會(huì)報(bào)paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server

4	ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

5	stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -h')

6	print stdout.readlines()

7	ssh.close()

“paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()” which will auto-accept unknown keys.

?

Using sudo in running commands:

01	import paramiko

02

03	cmd??? = "sudo /etc/rc.d/apache2 restart"

04

05	ssh??? = paramiko.SSHClient()

06	ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

07	ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

08	stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)

09	stdin.write('secret\n')

10	stdin.flush()

11	print stdout.readlines()

12	ssh.close()

?

在這個(gè)例子中，無法運(yùn)行，也無法解釋，希望志同道合的朋友能給個(gè)解釋!

?

Secure File Transfer Using SFTPClient

SFTPClient is used to open an sftp session across an open ssh Transport and do remote file operations.

An SSH Transport attaches to a stream (usually a socket), negotiates an encrypted session, authenticates, and then creates stream tunnels, called?Channels, across the session. Multiple channels can be multiplexed across a single session (and often are, in the case of port forwardings).

?

以下是用密碼認(rèn)證功能登錄的

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

?

socks=('127.0.0.1',22)

testssh=paramiko.Transport(socks)

testssh.connect(username='root',password='000000')

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

remotepath="/tmp/a.log"

localpath="/tmp/c.log"

sftptest.put(remotepath,localpath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

?

以下是用DSA認(rèn)證登錄的(PubkeyAuthentication)
#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

?

serverHost = "192.168.1.172"

serverPort = 22

userName = "root"

keyFile = "/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun"

known_host = "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"

channel = paramiko.SSHClient();

#host_keys = channel.load_system_host_keys(known_host)

channel.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

channel.connect(serverHost, serverPort,username=userName, key_filename=keyFile )

testssh=paramiko.Transport((serverHost,serverPort))

mykey = paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyFile,password='xyxyxy')

testssh.connect(username=userName,pkey=mykey)

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

filepath='/tmp/e.log'

localpath='/tmp/a.log'

sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

?

以下是用RSA Key認(rèn)證登錄的

#!/usr/bin/evn python

?

import os

import paramiko

?

host='127.0.0.1'

port=22

testssh=paramiko.Transport((host,port))

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')

mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')

username = 'root'

testssh.connect(username=username, pkey=mykey)

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

filepath='/tmp/e.log'

localpath='/tmp/a.log'

sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

?

另一種方法：

?

在paramiko中使用用戶名和密碼通過sftp傳輸文件，不使用key文件。

import getpass

import select

import socket

import traceback

import paramiko

def putfile():

????#import interactive

????# setup logging

????paramiko.util.log_to_file('demo.log')

????username = username

????hostname = hostname

????port = 22

????# now connect

????try:

????????sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

????????sock.connect((hostname, port))

????except Exception, e:

????????print '*** Connect failed: ' + str(e)

????????traceback.print_exc()

????????sys.exit(1)

????t = paramiko.Transport(sock)

????try:

????????t.start_client()

????except paramiko.SSHException:

????????print '*** SSH negotiation failed.'

????????sys.exit(1)

????keys = {}

????# check server's host key -- this is important.

????key = t.get_remote_server_key()

????# get username

????t.auth_password(username, password)

????sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

????# dirlist on remote host

????d=datetime.date.today()-datetime.timedelta(1)

????sftp.put(localFile,serverFile)

?????????sftp.close()

????t.close()

?

使用DSA認(rèn)證登錄的(PubkeyAuthentication)

?

#!/usr/bin/env python

?

import socket

import paramiko

import os

?

username='root'

hostname='192.168.1.169'

port = 22

?

sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sock.connect((hostname, port))

?

t=paramiko.Transport(sock)

t.start_client()

key=t.get_remote_server_key()

#t.auth_password(username,'000000')

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun')

mykey=paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='061128')

t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)

sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")

sftp.close()

t.close()

?

使用RSA Key驗(yàn)證

#!/usr/bin/env python

?

import socket

import paramiko

import os

?

username='root'

hostname='127.0.0.1'

port = 22

?

sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sock.connect((hostname, port))

?

t=paramiko.Transport(sock)

t.start_client()

key=t.get_remote_server_key()

#t.auth_password(username,'000000')

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')

mykey=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')

t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)

sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")

sftp.close()

t.close()

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/lihuipeng/1077357

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