1、基本概念

在openpyxl中，主要用到三個(gè)概念：Workbooks，Sheets，Cells。

Workbook就是一個(gè)excel工作表；

Sheet是工作表中的一張表頁(yè)；

Cell就是簡(jiǎn)單的一個(gè)格。

openpyxl就是圍繞著這三個(gè)概念進(jìn)行的，不管讀寫(xiě)都是“三板斧”：

打開(kāi)Workbook，定位Sheet，操作Cell。

下面分讀和寫(xiě)分別介紹幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的方法。

1.1 打開(kāi) Excel 表格并獲取表格名稱

from openpyxl import load_workbook

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

workbook.sheetnames

1.2 通過(guò) sheet 名稱獲取表格

from openpyxl import load_workbook

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

workbook.sheetnames

sheet = workbook["Sheet1"]

print(sheet)

1.3 獲取表格的尺寸大小 幾行幾列數(shù)據(jù)

sheet.dimensions

1.4 獲取表格內(nèi)某個(gè)格子的數(shù)據(jù)

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

cell1 = sheet["A1"]

cell2 = sheet["C11"]

print(cell1.value, cell2.value)

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

cell1 = sheet.cell(row = 1,column = 1)

cell2 = sheet.cell(row = 11,column = 3)

print(cell1.value, cell2.value)

1.5 獲取某個(gè)格子的行數(shù)、列數(shù)、坐標(biāo)

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

cell1 = sheet["A1"]

cell2 = sheet["C11"]

print(cell1.value, cell1.row, cell1.column,cell1.coordinate)

print(cell2.value, cell2.row, cell2.column,cell2.coordinate)

1.6 獲取一系列格子

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

# 獲取A1:C2區(qū)域的值

cell = sheet["A1:C2"]

print(cell)

for i in cell:

???for j in i:

?????? ??? print(j.value)? ? ? ? ??

sheet["A"] --- 獲取A列的數(shù)據(jù)

sheet["A:C"] --- 獲取A,B,C三列的數(shù)據(jù)

sheet[5] --- 只獲取第5行的數(shù)據(jù)

1.7? 按行獲取值

for i in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2,max_row=5, min_col=1, max_col=2):

???for j in i:

?????? ??? print(j.value)

1.8 按列獲取值

for i in sheet.iter_cols(min_row=2,max_row=5, min_col=1, max_col=2):

???for j in i:

?????? ??? print(j.value)

1.9 向某個(gè)格子中寫(xiě)入內(nèi)容并保存

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

sheet["A1"] = "哈嘍"

# 這句代碼也可以改為cell =sheet["A1"]? cell.value ="哈嘍"

workbook.save(filename = "哈嘍.xlsx")

1.10 向表格中插入行數(shù)據(jù)

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

data = [ ["唐僧","男","180cm"], ["孫悟空","男","188cm"], ["豬八戒","男","175cm"], ["沙僧","男","176cm"], ]

for row in data:

???sheet.append(row)

workbook.save(filename ="test.xlsx")

1.11 在 python 中使用 excel 函數(shù)公式

workbook = load_workbook(filename ="test.xlsx")

sheet = workbook.active

print(sheet)

sheet["D1"] = "標(biāo)準(zhǔn)身高"

for i in range(2,16):

sheet["D{}".format(i)]=? ? ? ? ? ?????????????'=IF(RIGHT(C{},2)="cm",C{},SUBSTITUTE(C{},"m","")*100&"cm")'.format(i,i,i)

workbook.save(filename ="test.xlsx")

1.12 其他命令?

.insert_rowss() 和.insert_ cols()：插入空行和空列

.delete_rows() 和.delete_ cols()：刪除行和列

.move_ range()：移動(dòng)格子

.create_ sheet()：創(chuàng)建新的 sheet 表格

. remove()：刪除某個(gè)sheet 表

.copy_ worksheet()：復(fù)制一個(gè) sheet 表到另外一張 excel 表

sheet.title ：修改sheet 表的名稱

總結(jié)

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